Symptoms of Dengue

The symptoms of dengue usually appear 4–10 days after being bitten by an infected mosquito. Common signs include:

• High fever (up to 104°F)
• Severe headache and eye pain
• Muscle, joint, and bone pain (often called “breakbone fever”)
• Nausea, vomiting, and loss of appetite
• Skin rashes and mild bleeding (such as nosebleeds or gum bleeding)

In severe cases, dengue can progress to dengue hemorrhagic fever (DHF) or dengue shock syndrome (DSS), which require urgent medical attention. Warning signs include persistent abdominal pain, difficulty breathing, severe vomiting, or bleeding.

Treatment of Dengue

There is currently no specific antiviral treatment for dengue. Management focuses on supportive care:

• Adequate rest and hydration are crucial.
• Paracetamol can help reduce fever and relieve pain (avoid aspirin or ibuprofen as they increase bleeding risk).
• Close monitoring by healthcare professionals is necessary, especially for severe cases.
• Hospitalization may be required for patients with complications or severe symptoms.

Early detection and timely medical care significantly reduce the risk of complications and fatalities.

Prevention of Dengue

Prevention remains the most effective way to control dengue. Key measures include:

• Eliminate mosquito breeding sites: Empty standing water from containers, flowerpots, and tires.
• Use mosquito repellents and nets: Apply insect repellents and sleep under nets, especially during early morning and evening when Aedes mosquitoes are most active.
• Wear protective clothing: Long-sleeved shirts and pants reduce skin exposure.
• Community efforts: Public health campaigns, fumigation, and awareness drives play a vital role in reducing mosquito populations.

Why Growth Monitoring Matters

Regularly tracking your child’s growth helps identify whether they are developing normally. It allows parents and doctors to catch nutritional deficiencies, hormonal imbalances, or medical conditions early. More than just numbers, steady and consistent growth is a sign of good overall health.

How to Use the Chart

Follow these steps to make the best use of the monitoring chart:

• Measure accurately: Use a reliable weighing scale and measure height without shoes.
• Check age precisely: Compare your child’s exact age (months or years) with the chart values.
• Look at trends: One reading doesn’t tell the full story; track over months to see steady progress.
• Consult professionals: If growth falls significantly above or below the averages, seek medical advice.

Sample Average Values

Here are some key values from the chart:

• At birth: Boys 3.3kg & 50.5cm | Girls 3.3kg & 49.4cm
• 1 year: Boys 10.2kg & 76.1cm | Girls 9.5kg & 75cm
• 5 years: Boys 18.7kg & 109.9cm | Girls 17.7kg & 108.4cm
• 10 years: Boys 31.4kg & 137.5cm | Girls 32.5kg & 138.3cm
• 12 years: Boys 37kg & 147cm | Girls 38.7kg & 148cm

These numbers represent averages, not exact targets. Some children may be naturally taller, shorter, lighter, or heavier while still being healthy.

Tips for Supporting Healthy Growth

• Provide a balanced diet with essential nutrients.
• Encourage daily physical activity and outdoor play.
• Ensure children get adequate sleep for recovery and growth.
• Maintain regular pediatric checkups and vaccinations.
• Teach healthy hydration habits from an early age.

Final Thought: Growth charts are tools to guide parents, not create stress. Every child develops at their own pace. Consistency and healthy habits are more important than hitting exact numbers. Use this chart as a friendly guide and consult a pediatrician if you notice unusual growth patterns.

1. Eggs

Rich in protein, vitamins, and choline, eggs help in the baby’s brain development and reduce the risk of birth defects.

2. Leafy Green Vegetables

Spinach, kale, and broccoli are loaded with folate, iron, calcium, and antioxidants that support healthy pregnancy.

3. Dairy Products

Milk, yogurt, and cheese provide calcium and protein essential for strong bones and teeth for both mother and baby.

4. Lean Meat

Chicken and beef are excellent sources of protein and iron, preventing anemia and boosting energy.

5. Salmon

Packed with omega-3 fatty acids, salmon supports brain and eye development in the baby.

6. Whole Grains

Brown rice, oats, and whole wheat bread provide fiber, iron, and B vitamins to keep energy levels stable.

7. Beans and Lentils

These are rich in protein, folate, and fiber, helping with digestion and reducing the risk of birth defects.

8. Berries

Blueberries, strawberries, and raspberries are full of vitamin C, fiber, and antioxidants to support immune health.

9. Avocados

A great source of healthy fats, folate, and potassium, avocados support fetal brain development and reduce leg cramps.

10. Nuts and Seeds

Almonds, walnuts, and chia seeds provide healthy fats, protein, and essential minerals for baby’s growth.

11. Sweet Potatoes

High in beta-carotene, which the body converts into vitamin A, sweet potatoes support the baby’s eyes, skin, and organ development.

Conclusion

Eating a balanced diet with these nutrient-rich foods ensures both mother and baby get the essential nourishment for a healthy pregnancy. Always consult your doctor or a nutritionist before making major dietary changes.

Normal Blood Pressure

Systolic less than 120 mm Hg AND Diastolic less than 80 mm Hg

Elevated Blood Pressure

Systolic 120–129 mm Hg AND Diastolic less than 80 mm Hg

Hypertension Stage 1

Systolic 130–139 mm Hg OR Diastolic 80–89 mm Hg

Hypertension Stage 2

Systolic 140 mm Hg or higher OR Diastolic 90 mm Hg or higher

Hypertensive Crisis (Seek Emergency Care)

Systolic higher than 180 mm Hg AND/OR Diastolic higher than 120 mm Hg

Conclusion

Regularly checking your blood pressure helps in early detection and prevention of serious health issues. If your readings consistently fall outside the normal range, consult a healthcare professional for proper guidance.

1. Hygiene First

Wash your hands thoroughly with soap and water before expressing or handling breast milk.

2. Clean Containers

Use clean, BPA-free bottles or breast milk storage bags. Avoid glass containers with rubber tops.

3. Labeling

Always label containers with the date and time of expression. Use the oldest milk first.

4. Storage Guidelines

• At room temperature (up to 25°C / 77°F): Up to 4 hours
• In the refrigerator (≤4°C / 39°F): Up to 4 days
• In the freezer (-18°C / 0°F or colder): 6 months (best), up to 12 months

5. Thawing and Warming

Thaw frozen milk in the refrigerator overnight or by placing the container in warm water. Do not refreeze thawed milk. Avoid microwaving as it destroys nutrients and may create hot spots.

6. Serving

Gently swirl the bottle to mix the separated fat. Never shake vigorously. Discard any leftover milk after feeding.

Conclusion

By following these breast milk handling practices, you ensure your baby receives safe, high-quality nutrition. Proper hygiene and storage help retain the milk’s valuable nutrients and antibodies.